Loose-leaf binder.



No. 85732521 PATENTBD JUNE 1s, 19o?.

J. L.A MGMILLAN. LOOSE LEAF BINDER;

APPLICATION FILED JUNE2,1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

wi nenes J. L. MQMILLAN. LoosB 'LEAF BINDER.

APPLIUATIoN'I'ILED LUNE 2, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED. STATES JoiiN L. MCMILLAN, or

SYBAOUSE, NEW YORK.

Loose-LEAF BINDER.

Specification of Letters Patent."

.Patented .rune is', i907.

Application filed J' une 2, 1902. Serial No. 109,981.

To a/ZZ whom; it nui/Ly concern.-

Beit known-that I, JOHN L. MOMILLAN, a citizen of the United States,.residing1at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented certain new and vuseful Improvements in Loose-Leaf Binders, l construction here shown, were omitted.

ofwhich the .following is aspecification.

My invention relates to binders for books or packages of leaves or sheets, or to that class vof devices now commonly known as "loose leaic.` binders. Binders of this character are at this time coming into quite extensive use for so-called loose-leal ledgers and for other' books which, as ordinarily made up, are very costly because of the heavy and elaborate bindings usually employed and indeed necessary. By the use ofloose-leaf binders a cover of good quality may be used'for a large number of ledgers or other books, the leaves of which, as the pages are filled, may be removed and replaced by fresh ones, the illed leaves being placed in cheaper permanent bindings view,

or otherwise cared or as found expedient. Owing tothe .large size of books of this character it is essential that the binding devices be made of greatv strength, and it is also irn-v ortant that the .covers and the leaves be ree to fold back and present a at,"or substantially flat, surface when the book is opened. I obtain these several ends' by the construction represented in the: annexed drawings, wherein,

Figure 1 is a face view or elevation of the binderwith the covers or boards thrown back, and with all the leaves removed; Fig. 2 an end view of vthe same ;V Fig. 3 also an endl view, the latter, however, showing the leaves in place and the holdin 'devicesforced together to clamp and bin the leaves, whereas,

Figspfl and 2 show them drawn out and nearly separated; Fig. 4 a /longitudinal sectional taken'through the middle of the Lbinding 4or clamping device, or just to one side thereof ;l Fig. 5 a perspective view of the wedgeinechamsm by whch'the clam ing members are thrown inward. and .cause to clam or "bind the leaves; Fig. 6 a side view, part. y in section, and anend view of a key or wrench for actuating the clamping devices and-Fig. 7 a -view 'of a ortion of a'sheet illustrating one method o notching'- 'or perforating the ed es thereof.. L

constructingfmy improved binder I aim to preserve, as far as practicable, the general shape and appearance of ordinary 'bindingsfor thiscla'ss of leaves,and particularly to avoidany actual'openings in the back or midthe device would be operative even though the provision made for closing the space beback, or middle'portion of the back in the Referring now specificallyto the drawi s: A- and B indicate cover boards, unitedn flexible or hinge vportions c to curved bac members C, which members are in turn united by a hinge form ed of two curved lates D and the two plates being varranged to overla and united `by a hi e rod or'spindle F. he rod vor spindle "is vthreaded 1 through a portion of its length and screws b, the `lugs on or spindle F, and'carrying at its wedge-shaped or triangulainportion e, which is of a' sizeto ill, or nearly opening d when the cover is opened out to its fullest? extent, oi' in other words, when-the permit. .I

The outer edges'of-the plates D andl Ev are curvedinwardly or away .from the back members C; as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and to these f inwardly curved edges are hingedgor pivotally attached alternate solid and .tubular impalmg pinsor members f and y the soffd,

indicated in Figs. .1, 2, 3 and 4..

. he movement of the members C of. the

said members is such, relatively to the lengt of the impaling pins f, g, as to permit the withdrawal of the pins f from their sheaths or. tubular sections g when lthe back is opened @gaita fullest extent. The pins fand-the vsheaths'orjouter sections g are bothmade tween the two .members constituting theI` the triangular.

l back and of the plates D and E carried b dle portion connecting the `cover boards; yet

E, each provided with a series oears or lugs into or through a pair of lugs c similar to the lugs or ears b, but ,heavier or of greater thickto -allow adequate body for the Yscrew- G indicates a blockA swiveledfupon thedrod ower. si e a4 plates D and E are brought as'near together at their proximate edgesas the parts will' pins fbeing arranged to slideor telescope within the tubular members g, as

ing between said members.

with' conical or tapering endsjfto` facilitate the insertion of 'the sheaths thiiougho en` Th hinge rod o1" spindle F' maybelinade polygonal or of other form, to receive aflrey f the swivel-block G, will 'or wrench by'which Vto turn it, and thus' to, screw it, longitudinally through the Alugsi'z..

By such movement the s indie, and with it ecarried 'length- Wise of theback or middleV ortion Gr of the coventhe inclined faces of t e Wedges bearing against the corresponding inclined. faces Y, of the 'curvedplates Dand E and forcing the "same to swin --around the hinge'rod F and to `throw towar each other the .edges .to which are hinged'or piv'oted the ,impahng pins f, g.

A`In the ,presentfinstanceythe hinge "rod-or spindlev 1s provided withrv a radial. seat or notchh, tog-receive radialpinsvor a rodr'lifin 'af' socketed Wrench I, shown .'16, ObL .viouslyuthe form of the Wrench and the man'- nerfof its engagement with the' hin ero'd or spindlefis. a matter of optionfvariab `e at will;

. The cover ,ori `hinder being constructed as f abovedeseribed, its operation `iis' a'sgffoll'ovvs: The` necessarypleaves 'or sheets to onstitute thel'bookakrel perforated, near one edge, the perforationsbeingg'of a size. and form to per#v mit the Yimpaling pinsff, g' to` pass`freely thx-ou htheni",V but without]unnecessaryA play.

1 -Theis eets so perforated are ,passed over or 'strung upon alternate pinsf and sheaths g of one of the-curvedplatesl), E, and the com- 'panion pins and sheaths arethen placed end to` end andi pressed lightly together until all the .pins are entered.- The rod or spindlefF isthenturnedby means ofthe Wrench vto rock orswingthe plates D, E about said rod ,or spindle; thereby. throwing toward each other the ndges'of said plates toIWhich' the `impaling pins are hinged. This `movement continues under fthe force exerted by thescreW and the Wedge until the edges of the plates D, E bear directly against the sheets and compress them into a firm and compact mass orbody, as indicatedin Fig. 3. The

plates VI) and E are made. uite Aheavy,\as are also the screw'and the'we ge,` sothat a very, considerable force may be exerted and great pressure applied to clamp and bind the sheets in place, therebyprgcluding any shift-' ing or displacement of individual leaves. or sheets, and maintaining throughout the use ofthe device the forni given to the leaves of the book as a body or book proper.- Y The impaling pins j, g i regard as veryde-V sirable, since they give a positivehold for possible to use the device Without these pins, and to simply Vclarnp'or 4bind the leaves or Vland support to the leavesor sheets, butit is 'i i sheetspbetween the grippingfedges of the plates D and E. While, therefore, my in vention in its more perfect embodiment in` cludes the impaling pins, itis yto be understood V'that it isfnot restricted vto their use,`

but that 1 may also clamp or bind regardless thereof. i

Referring to Fig. '7, it will be seen that the sheet is formed with circular openings j, with a cutfavvay section or opening lc, which .extends into the circular openin j. of theopening k -arejincline toward each other from the edge ofthe sheet so as to' form .points or .projections l. While the impaling pins j and' g pass through'thel circular openings j and the' sheets will ordinarily be held thereon Whether the parts are in their .clamped position or not, should it be desired torern'ove a sheet for any purpose, the con- The walls struction of the sheet .just described will permit the Withdrawal of one sheet Without v disturbing the othersfthe points Z on the sheet which is being Withdrawn giving Wayv 4orfliending to one side against a pull exerted .upon'the sheet, While the points upon the ad- Vjacent sheets which are not to be removed Will maintain their position and retain the Vsheets in place. From this'it Will be seen that any one sheet may be withdrawn Witliout the necessity of removing all of the others from the impaling pins. It is to be understood, however, that a sheet thus formed is not absolutely essential to the use of the binden.4

The .parts here shown may be duplicated or multiplied as desired. Thus, for instance, .two or more Wedge-blocks may bey used, and the rodIll may e'threaded.. through more than a single pair of lugs. variations .are within the scople and spirit of my. invention but come rat er within the rovince of the mechanic than of theinventor lfhe coverniay be of any desired materials,

i and of a size to suit the various demands.,

.Having thus described my invention, Il

claim:

' 1. Abinder for books, leaves or sheets, comprisingcover-boards anda back rtion to which the cover-boards are flexib y con- These and like IOO "nected, said back portion bein .formed of. f

two parts hinged together; an means ap plied to the `bach portion and serving to force toward each other the edges of said back por- 'tion on that sidepf th hinge axis on which the leaves or sheets are located.

2. A cover or binder comprising lates D and E hinged together; cover-boar s A and 1.5 tively' to the back members; and a block G B lexiblyrconnected to said plates; a wedge interposed between. the proximate edges of said plates; and means, substantially such as described, for forcing said wedge between said plates and causing them to swing about their hinge rod and to clamp sheets orleaves placed between the edges thus moved to- Wardeach other.

3. A binder or' cover comprisin curved back members C; curved plates and E secured to said back members, hinged together and provided with inclined faces or 'edges d; cover-boards A and -B flexibly connected to the back members C; a screw rod or spindle 'F movable longitudinally relaswiveled upon the screw rod and provided with a wedge block e, said wedge block being located between the inclined faces or edges of the plates D and E and adapted, whenrod F is moved lengthwise, to force apart the proximatev edges of the plates D, E and thereby to move tovard each other the op` posite edges of said plates and thus to clamp or bind the sheets or leaves introduced between them.

4. Thev herein-described binder, comprising cover-boards A, B; back sections or members C; curved plates DJ E; longitudinally-movable hinge rod F block Gmovable longitudinally of said rod but held against rotation therewith; and wedge e carried by said block, interposed between the plates D -and E and adapted, when moved longitudinally, to swing said plates about their hinge axis and thus to throw toward each other Athe opposite or remote edges of the plates.

5. The herein-described hinder, comprising cover-boards A, B; back sections or 4oA members C plates D, E provided with ears or lugs b and c; hinge' .rod vor spindle F threaded inthe lug c; block G'movable lengthwise of the'hi-nge rod but held against rotation therewith; wedge e carried byblock f 1G and interposed between plates 'D and E;

and telescopic impaling pins f, g, carried by the plates D, E, all substantially as shown and described.

6. In a binder, the combination with coverboards; of a back formed of two parts and provided with plates D and E hinged together and having inturned edges on that plane of movement of whichl is at an angle toA the plane of said supports. 8. A cover or bindencomprising in-comblnation7 a back formed of two sections or members hinged together cover-boards lexbly connected with said back sections; gripping or clamping plates carried by the back sections; means for forcing the gripping plates toward each other; and a plaited or bellows-like cover strip connecting the proximate'edges of the back sections; substantially 'as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to-this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.V

JOHN4 L. MCMILLAN.

Witnesses:

JOHN W. EDnY, E. I. MORAN 

